将 Word 邮件合并功能集成到 VB.NET 应用程序中

在 VB.NET 中实现邮件合并字段的动态组合框

此解决方案使用 VB.NET 和 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word 库，使用 Word 文档中的邮件合并字段名称动态填充 ComboBox。

' Import required namespaces
Imports Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

Module MailMergeHandler
    Sub PopulateMergeFieldsComboBox(ByVal filePath As String, ByVal comboBox As ComboBox)
        ' Declare Word application and document objects
        Dim wordApp As Application = Nothing
        Dim wordDoc As Document = Nothing
        Try
            ' Initialize Word application
            wordApp = New Application()
            wordDoc = wordApp.Documents.Open(filePath, [ReadOnly]:=True)

            ' Access MailMerge fields
            Dim fields As MailMergeFields = wordDoc.MailMerge.Fields
            comboBox.Items.Clear()
            For Each field As MailMergeField In fields
                ' Use the .Code.Text property to extract the field name
                Dim fieldName As String = field.Code.Text.Split(" "c)(1).Trim(""""c)
                comboBox.Items.Add(fieldName)
            Next

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show($"Error: {ex.Message}", "Error", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error)
        Finally
            ' Release COM objects
            If wordDoc IsNot Nothing Then wordDoc.Close(False)
            If wordApp IsNot Nothing Then wordApp.Quit()
            Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wordDoc)
            Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wordApp)
        End Try
    End Sub
End Module

使用辅助类实现可重用性的替代解决方案

该版本使用辅助类来封装Word操作，确保模块化和代码重用。

' Import required namespaces
Imports Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

Public Class WordHelper
    Public Shared Function GetMailMergeFields(ByVal filePath As String) As List(Of String)
        Dim wordApp As Application = Nothing
        Dim wordDoc As Document = Nothing
        Dim fieldNames As New List(Of String)()
        Try
            wordApp = New Application()
            wordDoc = wordApp.Documents.Open(filePath, [ReadOnly]:=True)
            Dim fields As MailMergeFields = wordDoc.MailMerge.Fields
            For Each field As MailMergeField In fields
                Dim fieldName As String = field.Code.Text.Split(" "c)(1).Trim(""""c)
                fieldNames.Add(fieldName)
            Next
        Catch ex As Exception
            Throw New Exception("Error extracting fields: " & ex.Message)
        Finally
            If wordDoc IsNot Nothing Then wordDoc.Close(False)
            If wordApp IsNot Nothing Then wordApp.Quit()
            Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wordDoc)
            Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wordApp)
        End Try
        Return fieldNames
    End Function
End Class

' Usage example in a form
Dim fields = WordHelper.GetMailMergeFields("C:\Path\To\Document.docx")
cmbFields.Items.AddRange(fields.ToArray())

验证单元测试

该脚本包括 VB.NET 中的基本单元测试，以验证 WordHelper 类的功能。

Imports NUnit.Framework

[TestFixture]
Public Class WordHelperTests
    [Test]
    Public Sub TestGetMailMergeFields()
        Dim fields = WordHelper.GetMailMergeFields("C:\Path\To\TestDocument.docx")
        Assert.IsNotEmpty(fields)
        Assert.AreEqual("FieldName1", fields(0))
    End Sub
End Class

1. 有关在 VB.NET 中与 Word 文档交互的信息引用自官方 Microsoft Office Interop Word 文档。访问此处的来源： Microsoft Office Word 互操作文档 。
2. 关于使用 VB.NET 自动执行 Word 流程的最佳实践的见解是从以下社区讨论中收集的： 堆栈溢出 ，特别是关于处理 MailMergeFields。
3. 有关在 VB.NET 中管理 COM 对象的其他指导来自以下网站上的教程： 代码项目 。